What is the primary function of transformers in electrical systems?

The primary function of transformers in electrical systems is to control voltage levels. Transformers accomplish this by transferring electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. By adjusting the number of turns in the primary and secondary coils, transformers can either increase (step up) or decrease (step down) voltage levels.

This ability to modify voltage is crucial for efficient power distribution and transmission. High voltages are used for long-distance transmission to reduce energy losses, while lower voltages are typically used for safe consumption in homes and businesses. The adaptability provided by transformers helps ensure that electrical systems can deliver power effectively at the necessary voltage levels for various applications.

In contrast, generating electrical energy from mechanical energy primarily pertains to generators, while energy storage is typically managed by devices like batteries. Converting alternating current to direct current is the role of rectifiers, not transformers.