How is magnetic flux defined?

Magnetic flux is defined as the number of magnetic field lines passing through a given surface area. This concept quantifies the amount of magnetic field that interacts with a surface, and it is represented mathematically by the product of the magnetic field strength and the area perpendicular to the field, taking into account the angle between the magnetic field lines and the normal to the surface.

The unit of magnetic flux is the Weber (Wb), and it helps in understanding phenomena such as electromagnetic induction, where a change in the magnetic flux through a circuit induces an electromotive force. The definition emphasizes the relationship between the magnetic field and the area it penetrates, making it crucial in both theoretical studies and practical applications in physics and engineering.